(28)See "Article 29 Working Party's Guidelines on Automated Individual Decision-making and Profiling for the Purposes of Regulation 2016/679",https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/article29/item-detail.cfm?item_id=612053，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (29)See Tom Simone,"Europe Limits Government by Algorithm.The US,Not So Much",https://www.wired.com/story/europe-limits-government-algorithm-us-not-much/，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (30)See "Article 29 Working Party's Guidelines on Automated Individual Decision-making and Profiling for the Purposes of Regulation 2016/679",https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/article29/item-detail.cfm?item_id=612053，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (31)参见GDPR Art.22：(1)数据主体有权利不受仅依赖自动决策(包括数据画像)所作的、对个人产生法律影响或类似重要影响的决定的制约。(2)以下情形不受前述条款限制：a)为订立或履行数据主体间的或数据主体间与数据控制者的合同所必需；b)经欧盟或数据控制主体所属成员国法律授权所作出的决定；c)基于数据主体明确的同意。(3)基于a)、c)的自动决策，应采取措施保障数据主体的权利、自由与法律利益，包括至少获得人为干预、表达观点及质疑决策的权利。(4)第2款中三项例外不得基于第9条(1)的敏感数据作出，除非获得数据主体明确同意或基于公共利益，并采取适当的措施以保障数据主体的权利、自由与法律利益。

　　 (32)See "Article 29 Working Party's Guidelines on Automated Individual Decision-making and Profiling for the Purposes of Regulation 2016/679",https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/article29/item-detail.cfm?item_id=612053，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (33)See Margot E.Kaminski,"The Right to Explanation,Explained",Berkeley Technology Law Journal,Vol.34,No.1(Jun.,2018),p.201.

　　 (34)See Meg Leta Jones,"The Right to a Human in the Loop:Political Constructions of Computer Automation and Personhood",Social Studies of Science,Vol.47,No.2(Mar.2017),pp.216-239.

　　 (35)See Sandra Wachter,Brent Mittelstadt & Luciano Floridi,"Why a Right to Explanation of Automated Decision-Making Does Not Exist in the General Data Protection Regulation",International Data Privacy Law,Vol.7,No.2(May,2017).pp.77-78.

　　 (36)Sandra Wachter,Brent Mittelstadt & Luciano Floridi,"Transparent,Explainable,and Accountable AI for Robotics",Science Robotics,Vol.2,No.6(May,2017),https://robotics.sciencemag.org/content/2/6/eaan6080.full，2021年8月20日访问； See Margot E.Kaminski,"The Right to Explanation,Explained",Berkeley Technology Law Journal,Vol.34,No.1(Jun.,2018),pp.209-217.

　　 (37)See "Article 29 Working Party's Guidelines on Automated Individual Decision-making and Profiling for the Purposes of Regulation 2016/679",https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/article29/item-detail.cfm?item_id=612053，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (38)See "Article 29 Working Party's Guidelines on Automated Individual Decision-making and Profiling for the Purposes of Regulation 2016/679",https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/article29/item-detail.cfm?item_id=612053，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (39)丁晓东：《论算法的法律规制》，《中国社会科学》2020年第12期，第146-147页。

　　 (40)See Lilian Edwards & Michael Veale,"Slave to the Algorithm:Why a Right to an Explanation Is Probably Not the Remedy You Are Looking for",Duke Law & Technology Review,Vol.16,No.1(2017-2018),pp.55-58; Andrew D.Selbst & Solon Barocas,"The Intuitive Appeal of Explainable Machines",Fordham Law Review,Vol.87,No.3(Dec.,2018),p.1099.

　　 (41)See High-Level Expert Group,"Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy on Artificial Intelligence",https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (42)See High-Level Expert Group,"Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy on Artificial Intelligence",https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (43)See Lilian Edwards & Michael Veale,"Slave to the Algorithm:Why a Right to an Explanation Is Probably Not the Remedy You Are Looking for",Duke Law & Technology Review,Vol.16,No.1(2017-2018),pp.47-51.

　　 (44)See "Article 29 Working Party's Guidelines on Automated Individual Decision-making and Profiling for the Purposes of Regulation 2016/679",https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/article29/item-detail.cfm?item_id=612053，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (45)参见许可：《人工智能的算法黑箱与数据正义》，《社会科学报》2018年3月29日，第6版；张欣：《算法解释权与算法治理路径研究》，《中外法学》2019年第6期，第1425页；程莹：《元规制模式下的数据保护与算法规制——以欧盟〈通用数据保护条例〉为研究样本》，《法律科学》2019年第4期，第49页。

　　 (46)"White Paper on AI-A European Approach",https://ainowinstitute.org/ai-now-comments-to-eu-whitepaper-on-ai.pdf，2021年8月20日访问。

　　 (47)See High-Level Expert Group,"Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy on Artificial Intelligence",https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai，2021年8月20日访问。

(48)David Lehr,Paul Ohm,"Playing with the Data:What Legal Scholars Should Learn About Machine Learning",(点击此处阅读下一页)