李洪雷副研究员的指点，在此致谢，然文责自负。

　　[1] Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973).

　　[2] District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. (2008).

　　[3] United States v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174 (1939).

　　[4] 之前与第二条修正案相关的案件还有：United States v. Cruikshank, 92 U.S. 542 (1875), Presser v. Illinois, 116 U.S. 252 (1886), Miller v. Texas, 153 U.S. 535 (1894), United States v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174 (1939).

　　[5] 分别为Shelly Parker, Tom Palmer, Gillian St. Lawrence, Tracey Ambeau, George Lyon and Dick Heller.

　　[6] Parker v. District of Columbia, 478 F.3d 370 (D.C. Cir. 2007).

　　[7] District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. (2008).

　　[8] United States v. Cruikshank, 92 U.S. 542 (1875).

　　[9] Presser v. Illinois, 116 U.S. 252 (1886).

　　[10] United States v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174 (1939).

　　[11] See Linda Greenhouse, High Court Considers Right to Bear Arms, New York Times, March 18, 2008.

　　[12] District of Columbia v Heller Sup. Ct. Decision, 554 U.S. (2008).

　　[13] See Linda Greenhouse, High Court Considers Right to Bear Arms, New York Times, March 18, 2008.

　　[14] Laurence H. Tribe, Sanity and the Second Amendment, The Wall Street Journal, March 4, 2008.

　　[15] Richard A Posner, In Defense of Looseness, The New Republic, 2008-08-27.

　　[16] In re Marriage Cases 43 Cal.4th 757(2008).

　　[17] 在Goodridge v. Dept. of Public Health, 798 N.E.2d 941 (Mass. 2003) 案中，马萨诸塞州最高法院判决认为，在州宪法之下，仅仅允许异性结婚（heterosexual marriage）是违宪的。而马萨诸塞州当时则变成了继荷兰、比利时、安大略湖、英属哥伦比亚、魁北克等国家地区后世界上第六个合法化同性婚姻的地区。

　　[18] In re Marriage Cases 43 Cal.4th 757 (2008).

　　[19] 加州选举性提案（California ballot proposition）是一种通过发动公民创制（initiative）或复决（referendum）来修改加州法律和宪法的方法。州法可以直接由公众提案，州宪法也可以通过公众请愿（public petition）或者立法机关来向选民提议宪法修正案的方式而被修改。由公众（public）提议立法或宪法修正案的过程就被称为创制（initial）。而由州立法机关来提议宪法修正案的过程就被称为复决(referendum)。

　　[20] 可想而知的是，那些准备结婚的同性恋者大为伤心，因为他们再也不能走进法律所认可的婚姻殿堂，CNN等相关电视媒体也对此进行过诸多报道。See http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/05/15/same.sex.marriage/

　　[21] See 7 States Sue Government Over U.S. Abortion Rule, New York Times, January 15, 2009.

　　[22] Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973).

　　[23] 图标来自wikipedia网站。民意调查的问题是：你是赞成还是反对美国最高法院关于达到三个月堕胎就一般是合法的决定的？ 蓝色为赞成，红色为反对。

　　[24] 参见方流芳：《罗伊判例：关于司法和政治分界的争辩——堕胎和美国宪法第14修正案的司法解释》，《比较法研究》1998年第1期。

　　[25] See Michael J. Perry, Constitutional Rights, Moral Controversy, and the Supreme Court, Cambridge University Press, 2008, p.131-167.

　　[26] See Michael J. Perry, Constitutional Rights, Moral Controversy, and the Supreme Court, Cambridge University Press, 2008, p.218.

　　[27] See Holy Bible: Titus 2:4; I Cor. 13:4-7; Rom. 13:8-10.

　　[28] See Holy Bible: Rom. 1:16; 6:3,4; 10:9,10; Mark 16:16; Acts 17:30; 2:38; 22:16.

　　[29] See Obama Reverses Rules on U.S. Abortion Aid, New York Times, January 23, 2009.

　　[30] See David D. Kirkpatrick, Abortion Issue Again Dividing Catholic Votes, New York Times, September 16, 2008

　　[31] Steven D. Levitt, Is U.C.L.A. Illegally Using Race-Based Affirmative Action in Admissions?, New York Times, August 29, 2008.

　　[32] See Jim Kouri, Will the Next Us President be Unconstitutional? NewsWithViews.com. October 30, 2008.

　　[33] Carolyn Lochhead, Experts say Obama should retake the oath, San Francisco Chronicle, page A – 5.