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②Cedric H.Whitman,Homer and the Heroic Tradition,Harvard University Press,1958,p.7.
③Denys Page,History and the Homeric Iliad(Berkeley and Los Angeles),pp.225-226.
④Parry,“Homer and Homeric Style”,p.138; cf.“The Homeric Language as the Language of an Oral Poetry”,pp.7-8.
⑤Cf.F.M.Turner,“The Homeric Question”,in Ian Morris and Barry B.Powell(eds.),A New Companion to Homer,Leiden:Brill,1997,pp.128-129.
⑥E.g.Walter Leaf,A Companion to the Iliad,for English Readers,London and New York:Macmillan and Co.,1892,pp.17-18.
⑦E.T.Owen,The Story of Iliad,New York:Oxford University Press,1947,pp.v-vi.
⑧James A.Notopoulos,“Studies in Early Greek Oral Poetry”,Harvard Studies in Classical Philology Vol.68(1964),pp.48-49; cf.“Parataxis in Homer:A New Approach to Homeric Literary Criticism”,Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association,Vol.80(1949),pp.1-23.
⑨Notopoulos,“Studies in Early Greek Oral Poetry”,p.51ff.
⑩Notopoulos,“Parataxis in Homer”,p.1.
(11)Notopoulos,“Studies in Early Greek Oral Poetry”,p.51; cf.“Parataxis in Homer”,pp.18-20.
(12)John A.Scott,“The Assumed Duration of the War of the Iliad”,Classical Philology,Vol.8,No.4(Oct.,1913),pp.445-456.
(13)G.S.Kirk,Homer and the Epic:A Shortened Version of “The Songs of Homer”,Cambridge University Press,1965,p.6ff.
(14)Notopoulos,“Studies in Early Greek Oral Poetry”,pp.51,53.
(15)Lord,The Singer of Tales,Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1960,p.99; cf.Parry,“Homer and Homeric Style”,pp.146-147; Nagy,“Homeric Questions”,p.30.
(16)Iliad 12.310-328.
(17)参见陈斯一:《从‘权杖’到‘树床’:荷马史诗中的自然与习俗问题》,《文化发展论丛》2017年第2卷,第128-141页;James A.Arieti,“Achilles' Alienation in ‘Iliad 9’”,The Classical Journal,Vol.82,No.1(1986),pp.1-27。
(18)Adam Parry,“The Language of Achilles”,Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association Vol.87(1956),pp.6-7.
(19)Lord,The Singer of Tales,p.155.
(20)Notopoulos,“Studies in Early Greek Oral Poetry”,p.54.
(21)比较亚里士多德:《诗学》,1459a30-37。在亚里士多德看来,这种以部分折射整体的叙事方法是荷马卓越诗艺的一个重要体现。
(22)Kirk,Homer and the Epic,p.196.
(23)亚里士多德:《修辞学》,1409a24-27。关于这一区分的用语,罗念生分别译为“串联”和“环形”,颜一分别译为“连贯”和“回转”。我们认为,“串联”和“回转”是相对准确的译法。参阅罗念生:《罗念生全集:第一卷(文论)》,上海人民出版社,2007年,第334页;亚里士多德:《亚里士多德全集:第九卷》,苗力田主编,中国人民大学出版社,1994年,第512页。
(24)亚里士多德:《修辞学》,1409a29-31,1409a36-b1。
(25)“并列结构”和“主从结构”分别是的中文翻译,前者的字面意义是“并排()放置”,强调各部分之间是相互独立和平等的关系,而后者的字面意义是“放在下面()”,强调主要部分对于其他部分的统领。
(26)在这篇文章中,佩里所理解的“现代”始自苏格拉底和柏拉图。Cf.Ben E.Perry,“The Early Greek Capacity for Viewing Things Separately”,Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association (68:1937),p.406,n.2.
(27)Iliad 6.233-236.
(28)Perry,“The Early Greek Capacity for Viewing Things Separately”,pp.404-405.
(29)James M.Redfield,Nature and Culture in the Iliad:The Tragedy of Hector(Duke University Press,1994).
(30)Iliad 6.127,146.
(31)Perry,“The Early Greek Capacity for Viewing Things Separately”,pp.404,408-409.
(32)Notopoulos,“Parataxis in Homer”,p.14.
(33)Perry,“The Early Greek Capacity for Viewing Things Separately”,pp.410-412.
(34)Notopoulos,“Parataxis in Homer”,pp.15-22.
(35)James C.Hogan,“Aristotle's Criticism of Homer in the Poetics”,Classical Philology,Vol.68,No.2(1973),pp.96-97.
(36)亚里士多德:《诗学》,1455b1-2,1459a17-21。
(37)亚里士多德:《诗学》,1451a30-35。
(38)亚里士多德:《诗学》,1455b15-16,1456a10-15,1459b22-31。
(39)亚里士多德:《诗学》,1451a10-11。
(40)亚里士多德:《诗学》,1462a18-b10。
(41)亚里士多德:《诗学》,1459b2-4,1462b10-11。
(42)亚里士多德:《诗学》,1450a22-23,1451a22-30,1455b16-23,1459a30-37。
(43)亚里士多德:《诗学》,1459b4-8。亚里士多德认为,《小伊利亚特》包含了足以创作八部悲剧的材料,因此,它缺乏荷马史诗和安提卡悲剧的统一性。
(44)Cf.G.F.Else,Aristotle's Poetics:The Argument,Cambridge:Harvard University Press,1957,p.620.
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